Seminar-Information Systems and its types:-

Information Systems and its types:-

The term information retrieval was coined by Calvin Mooers in 1952 and gained popularity in the research community from 1961 onwards.
The information retrieval systems are as fallow
1 Information retrieval system (IRS)
2 Data base management system (DBMS)
3 Management information system (MIS)
4 Decision support system (DSS)
5 Question answering system (QAS)

1. Information Retrieval System (IRS): -


According to Lancaster, ‘an information retrieval system does not inform (I.e., change the knowledge of ) the user on the subject of his enquiry. It merely informs him of the existence (or non-existence) and whereabouts of documents relating to his request’.
Author and subject catalogues in library are examples of an information retrieval system. In case of a known document the author and title of a book are known; for instance, for the book “Quantitative Methods for Library and Information Science” by I.K. Ravichandra Rao, the author catalogue may be searched to find the entry for the particular title. That is, a user may look up ‘Ravichandra Rao’ in the author catalogue and find entries under Fit for the title ‘Quantitative Methods for Library and Information Science’. In case of an unknown document where the author and title of a book are not known, the subject catalogue may be searched. That is, a user may search under the heading ‘Quantitative Methods’. After obtaining the necessary details, one could find the book on the shelf.

2. Data base management system (DBMS): -

A collection of data designed to be used by different people is called a database.
A Data base management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enable you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. the following are examples of database application,
* Computerized library system
* Automated teller machines
* Flight reservation system
* Computerized parts inventory systems.
Data base management system (DBMS) is a piece of software that provides services for accessing a database. While maintaining all the required features of the data.

3. Management information system (MIS): -

According to Jerome Kanter,
Management information system (MIS) is a system that aids management in making, carrying out, and controlling decisions.
The Management information system (MIS) can be sub-divided into following four categories,
* Transaction processing system (TPS)
* Information processing system (IPS)
* Decision support system (DSS)
* Programmed decision-making system.

4. Decision support system (DSS): -

A set of well- integrated user friendly computer based tools that combine data with various decision making models quantitative and qualitative to solve semi-structured and un structured problems.
The components of DSS are
* A data base management system
* A model management system
* And support tools.

5. Question-Answering System (QAS): -

Question-answering systems provide access to factual information in a “natural language environment”. In QAS, the stored database consists of a large numbers of facts relating to special areas of discourse, together with general world knowledge covering the context with which conversations between users usually take place. User requests are received in natural language form and system responses may also be presented as natural language formulations. The objectives of QAS are to analyze the user query, to compare the analyzed query with the stored knowledge, and to assemble a suitable response from the apparently relevant facts. The extraction of meaning from natural language and the determination of general rules of intelligent behaviour seem to be major barriers to creating effective QAS for general use.






References: -

1. Leon Mathews and Leon Alexis, 2002, Database management systems,
New Delhi: Lean press and Vikas publishing house PVT. LTD.
2. Gupta, A.K, 2003,Management Information System, New Delhi: S Chand
& Company LTD.
3. I.K. Ravichandra Rao, Documentation Research and Training Center,
Indian statistical Institute, 8th Mile, Mysore Road, R. V. College P.O., Bangalore.

Information Systems and its types:-

References: - 1. Leon Mathews and Leon Alexis, 2002, Database management systems, New Delhi: Lean press and vikas publishing house PVT. LTD. 2. Gupta, A.K, 2003,Management Information System, New Delhi: S Chand & company LTD. 3. I.K. Ravichandra Rao, Documentation Research and Training Center, Indian statistical Institute, 8th Mile, mysore Road, R. V. College P.O., Bangalore.

compare between information retrieval process model and simple flow of retrieval process

compare between information retrieval process model and simple flow of retrieval process two models have some comonalities and slite difarences both diagrams have same component like userboth have query system, text object can be compered to selected documents . but in simple flow of retrival process there is no possibalities of direct relation to data base of document representation but it is possible in 1st model information retrieval process . both diagram have indexed information can acessed by index system and through consulting librarian .both diagram were helpful in to know and understand information retrieval process .

compare between information retrieval process model and simple flow of retrieval process

compare between information retrieval process model and simple flow of retrieval process two models have some comonalities and slite difarences both diagrams have same component like userboth have query system, text object can be compered to selected documents . but in simple flow of retrival process there is no possibalities of direct relation to data base of document representation but it is possible in 1st model information retrieval process . both diagram have indexed information can acessed by index system and through consulting librarian .both diagram were helpful in to know and understand information retrieval process .

Semiar-Law of Osmosis

Defination:
The principle that, when a change in the catalogue code or in the Scheme for Classification becomes necessary in derence to the Canon of Context, on and after a chosen date.

1.All the new accessions be catalogued and classified according to the new catalogue code and new scheme for classification.

2.Just those of the old collectionas are known to be in much use be re catalogued and re-classified , with an additional temporary staff, if necessary during the first few months.

3.The new accessions and the re-catalogued and re-classified books be kept in a New Collection and similarly their catalogue cards too be kept in a new collection;

4.The rest of the old collection be kept as Old Collection and similarly their catalogue cards toobe kept as Old Collection;and

5.Readers attention be invited by the reference librarian to the existence of the two collections; and

6.If any book is taken out by a reader from the old collection on its return by him it be re-catalogued and re-classified and absorbed in the new collection, and similarly with its catalogue cards according to the principle of parallal movement.[135,140]

The two main catalogues- one for old collection and other for having new numbers and new entries should be kept in library.
However, it is for the concerned library to decide to reclassify and recatlogue entire collection at once, which may affect readers service and other library operations or use simultaniously both the systems and change to new once gradually and systematically without creating any problem or confusion .

Seminar-Law of Osmosis

Defination:

The principle that, when a change in the catalogue code or in the Scheme for Classification becomes necessary in derence to the Canon of Context, on and after a chosen date.

1. All new accessions be catalogued and classified according to the new catalogue code and new scheme for classification.
2. Just those of the old collectionas are known to be in much use be re catalogued and re-classified , with an additional temporary staff, if necessary during the first few months.
3. The accessions and the re-catalogued and re-classified books be kept in a New Collection and similarly their catalogue cards too be kept in a new collection;
4. The rest of the old collection be kept as Old Collection and similarly their catalogue cards toobe kept as Old Collection;
5. Readers attention be invited by the reference librarian to the existence of the two collections; and
6. If any book is taken out by a reader from the old collection on its return by him it be re-catalogued and re-classified and absorbed in the new collection, and similarly with its catalogue cards according to the principle of parallal movement.[135,140]
7. The two main catalogues- one for old collection and other for having new numbers and new entries should be kept in library.

However, it is for the concerned library to decide to reclassify and recatlogue entire collection at once, which may affect readers service and other library operations or use simultaniously both the systems and change to new once gradually and systematically without creating any problem or confusion .

canon of osmosis

Defination:

The principle that, when a change in the catalogue code or in the Scheme for Classification becomes necessary in derence to the Canon of Context, on and after a chosen date.

1. All new accessions be catalogued and classified according to the new catalogue code and new scheme for classification.
2. Just those of the old collectionas are known to be in much use be re catalogued and re-classified , with an additional temporary staff, if necessary during the first few months.
3. THe accessions and the re-catalogued and re-classified books be kept in a New Collection and similarly their catalogue cards too be kept in a new collection;
4. The rest of the old collection be kept as Old Collection and similarly their catalogue cards toobe kept as Old Collection;
5. Readers attention be invited by the reference librarian to the existence of the two collections; and
6. If any book is taken out by a reader from the old collection on its return by him it be re-catalogued and re-classified and absorbed in the new collection, and similarly with its catalogue cards according to the principle of parallal movement.[135,140]
7. The two main catalogues- one for old collection and other for having new numbers and new entries should be kept in library.

However, it is for the concerned library to decide to reclassify and recatlogue entire collection at once, which may affect readers service and other library operations or use simultaniously both the systems and change to new once gradually and systematically without creating any problem or confusion .

law of osmosis

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CANONS FOR FILIATORY SEQUENCE

Two Canons filiatory sequence calls for the following Canons. Subordinate Classes. Coordinate Classes 1 Canon for subordinate Classes In a coalesced array , if A1, A2, A3, etc are sub classes of any order whatever of class A, orginated in one or an other of the chains originating from the class A, the classes A1,A2, A3, etc shoul immediatly follow the classA in succession. Without being separete from in among themselves by any other class. This Canon has been illustrated from in the diagram facing Chap CA and by the analogy of the siddha family described in Chap CJ. 2 Canon for coordinate Classes In a coalesced array if class A and class B had originated in one and the same array and had been consecutive in it, they should not be separated from each other by any class other than the classes A1, A2, A3, etc having A as thier common immediate universe.

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